Muqaddimah surat Al Baqarah (Sapi betina)

Qur'an journaling jum'at

Foto: unplash

Surat "Al Baqarah" yang terdiri dari 286 ayat ini turun di Madinah yang sebahagian besar diturunkan pada permulaan tahun Hijrah, kecuali ayat 281 diturunkan di Mina pada Hajji wadaa' (hajji Nabi Muhammad s.a.w yang terakhir). Seluruh ayat dari surat Al Baqarah termasuk golongan Madaniyyah, merupakan surat yang terpanjang di antara surat-surat Al Qur'an yang di dalamnya terdapat pula ayat yang terpanjang (ayat 282).

Surat ini dinamai "Al Baqarah" karena di dalamnya disebutkan kisah penyembelihan sapi betina yang diperintahkan Allah kepada Bani Israil (ayat 67 sampai dengan 74), di mana dijelaskan watak orang Yahudi pada umumnya. Dinamai "Fusthaathul-Qur'an" (puncak Al Qur'an) karena memuat beberapa hukum yang tidak disebutkan dalam surat yang lain. Dinamai juga surat "alif-laam-miim" karena surat ini dimulai dengan Alif-laam-miim.

Pokok-pokok isinya:

1. Keimanan:
Da'wah Islamiyah yang dihadapkan kepada umat Islam, ahli kitab dan para musyrikin.

2. Hukum-hukum:
Perintah mengerjakan shalat; menunaikan zakat; hukum puasa; hukum haji dan umrah; hukum qishash; hal-hal yang halal dan yang haram; bernafkah di jalan Allah; hukum arak dan judi; cara menyantuni anak yatim; larangan riba; hutang piutang; nafkah dan yang berhak menerimanya; wasiyat kepada dua orang ibu bapa dan kaum kerabat; hukum sumpah; kewajiban menyampaikan amanat; sihir; hukum merusak masjid; hukum merubah kitan-kitab Allah; hukum haidh, 'iddah, thalak, khulu', ilaa' dan hukum susuan; hukum melamar, mahar, larangan mengawini wanita musyrik dan sebaliknya; hukum perang.

3. Kisah-kisah:
Kisah penciptaan Nabi Adam a.s.; kisah Nabi Ibrahim a.s.; kisah Nabi Musa a.s. dengan Bani Israil.

4. Dan lain-lain:
Sifat-sifat orang yang bertakwa; sifat-sifat orang munafik; sifat-sifat Allah; perumpamaan-perumpamaan; kiblat, kebangkitan sesudah mati.

Salam

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